Medicare Coverage for Cancer Prevention and Early Detection

Medicare pays for certain preventive screening tests used to help find cancer before you have signs or symptoms. It also covers some counseling and education services that can help reduce your cancer risk.

Which cancer screening tests are covered by Medicare?

Medicare covers many cancer screening tests when they’re used for prevention (preventive tests) and meet Medicare coverage guidelines.

Unless otherwise noted, you pay nothing for these tests under Medicare coverage if your healthcare provider accepts the Medicare-approved amount as full payment and the test qualifies for coverage.

Ask your healthcare provider if they are a Medicare provider before you schedule your appointment.

The types of cancer screening that are covered by Medicare include:

Women ages 35 to 39: One baseline mammogram (one time only)

Women ages 40 and older: One screening mammogram every 12 months (1 year)

If medically needed, Medicare Part B covers diagnostic mammograms more than once a year. You would pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after meeting any Part B deductibles.

Most women at average risk: One pelvic exam and Pap test every 2 years.

Women at high-risk or who are of child-bearing age and have had an abnormal Pap test in the last 3 years: One pelvic exam and Pap test every 12 months (1 year).

Women ages 30 through 65 with no HPV symptoms: In addition to above, one HPV co-test (with Pap test) every 5 years.

People age 45 and over at average risk for colorectal cancer:

  • One multi-target stool DNA (mt-sDNA) test every 3 years (until age 85) for those with no colorectal symptoms*
  • One fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or fecal immunochemical test (FIT) every 12 months (needs a referral from a healthcare provider)*
  • One flexible sigmoidoscopy every 4 years, or 10 years after a prior screening colonoscopy**
  • One screening colonoscopy every 10 years, or 4 years after a prior flexible sigmoidoscopy** (regardless of age)
  • One CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) every 5 years, or 4 years after a prior flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy*
  • One blood-based biomarker test every 3 years (until age 85) for those with no colorectal symptoms*

People age 45 and over and at high risk for colorectal cancer:

  • One CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) every 2 years**
  • One screening colonoscopy every 2 years** (regardless of age)

*If you have a non-invasive stool-based screening test (FOBT, FIT, or mt-sDNA test) or blood-based test and have an abnormal result, you are also covered for a follow-up colonoscopy.

**If your doctor finds and removes a lesion or growth during your flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy screening, you pay 15% of the Medicare-approved amount for your doctors' services. In a hospital outpatient setting or ambulatory surgical center, you also pay the facility a 15% coinsurance amount. In these cases, the Part B deductible doesn’t apply.

People ages 50 to 77 who either currently smoke or have quit in the last 15 years, and have a tobacco smoking history of at least 20 pack years [average 1 pack (20 cigarettes) per day for 20 years]: One low-dose computed tomography (CT) scan every year.

To be eligible for a low-dose CT scan for lung cancer screening, you must also have an order from your healthcare provider and have no signs or symptoms of lung cancer.

Men over age 50:

  • One digital rectal exam (DRE)* every 12 months
    and
  • One prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test every 12 months

*For the digital rectal exam (DRE), you pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount for a yearly DRE and doctor services, after your Part B deductible is met. In a hospital outpatient setting, you also pay a separate hospital visit copay.

If you get the PSA blood test from a non-Medicare provider, you may have to pay an additional fee for the healthcare provider’s services but not for the blood test.

What counseling and education services are covered by Medicare?

Medicare also covers certain counseling and education services that may help lower cancer risk. Under Medicare Part B, you may pay nothing for services like tobacco cessation counseling and obesity counseling if they’re provided by a Medicare-approved healthcare provider and meet coverage criteria.

Before scheduling, check with your healthcare provider to make sure they accept Medicare.

If you use tobacco: Up to 8 smoking and tobacco cessation counseling sessions in a 12-month period.

If you have a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more: One-time BMI screening, and counseling sessions to help with weight loss. These sessions include a review of your diet followed by advice on healthy eating and physical activity. The counseling must take place in a primary care setting, like the healthcare provider’s office.

Why does Medicare cover screening tests at different ages and times than the 黑料大湿Posts Cancer Society (ACS) recommends?

While both are based on scientific evidence, there are differences between cancer screening tests recommended by Medicare and ACS. This is because Medicare can only cover tests that meet certain legal rules, such as having a Grade A or B rating from the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) or being approved by Congress.

Because of the rules and costs, Medicare may offer fewer tests, limit them to certain ages, or offer them less often than what ACS recommends.

Talk to your healthcare provider about your cancer risk and what cancer screening tests or services you might need. And learn more about ACS Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer.

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The 黑料大湿Posts Cancer Society medical and editorial content team

Our team is made up of doctors and oncology certified nurses with deep knowledge of cancer care as well as editors and translators with extensive experience in medical writing.

?Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Preventive services. Updated April 16, 2026. Accessed at https://www.cms.gov/medicare/coverage/preventive-services-coverage on May 27, 2026.

?Medicare.gov. Preventive & screening services. Accessed at  https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/preventive-screening-services on May 27, 2026

Medicare.gov. Your Guide to Medicare Preventive Services. Updated 5/2025. Accessed at https://www.medicare.gov/publications/10110-your-guide-to-medicare-preventive-services.pdf on May 27, 2026.

Last Revised: May 27, 2026

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